Types of Biofertilizers
The common microorganisms which have shown positive increase in crop yield and can possibly be used as Biofertilizers are as below:
Contributing Plant Nutrient | Microorganisms | Crop Benefited |
A) Nitrogen | 1) Symbiotic Organisms |
|
a) Rhizobium (Symbiosis with Legumes) | Pulse Legumes: Chickpea, Pea, Lentil, Moong, Urad Bean, Pigeon Pea | |
Oil Legumes: Groundnut, Soyabean | ||
Fodder Legume: Berseem, Lucern | ||
b) Azolla (Water Fern) Azolla Ap. + BGA Symbiosis | Rice | |
2) Associative Symbiotic Organisms |
| |
a) Azospirillum | Sorghum, Perl Millet, Rice, Wheat, Finger Millet, Maize, Kodo Kutaki, Tomato, Chilli | |
3) Non Symbiotic Organisms |
| |
a) Azatobacter (Heterotrophs) | Cereals: Wheat, Rice, Maize, Sorghum, Sugarcane | |
Vegetables: Onion, Brinjal, Tomato, Cabage | ||
Flowers: Chrysanthemum, Marygold | ||
b) Blue Green Algai (Photoautotrophs) | Rice | |
B) Phosphorus | 1. "P" solubilizers and mineralizers | For All Crops |
a) Fungi – Aspergillus, Penicillum | ||
b) Bacteria – Bacillus Psudomonas | ||
| ||
2) "P" Absorbers (Root Fungus Symbiosis) | ||
a) Versicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) | ||
b) Ectomycorrhizae | ||
c) Endomycorrizae Clomus | Linseed, Maize, Wheat, Soyabean |