Plant Propagation by Layering
Definition:
Layering is the development of roots on a stem while it is still attached to the parent plant. The rooted stem is stem is then detached to become a new plant growing on its own roots. Thus rooted stem stem is known as layer.
Root Formation During Layering is Stimulated by Various Stem Treatments:
1. Bending of shoots to a sharp V shape.
2. Giving a cut or incision of the lower surface of the shoot.
3. Girdling/ by removing a ring of bark or by wrapping copper wire around stem.
Methods:
A) Simple Layering or Tongue Layering:
In this method a branch is bent to the ground and some portion of it, is covered by soil leaving the terminal and of the branch exposed. Root initiation takes place at the buried portion. After the root initiation. i.e. after allowing sufficient time the layer is separated from the mother plant by cutting the layered shoot. E.g. Guava, jasmine, etc.
B) Compost or Spending Layering:
Compound layering in essentially the same as simply layering. Except that the branch is alternatively covered and exposed along length. The branch for compound layering must be longer one, so that is can be layered at different place and to branch. This method can be longer one, so that it can be layered at different place and to branch. This method can be followed easily for creepers. E.g. Guava.
C) Mound Stool Layering:
In this method a plant is cut back at the ground during the dormant season, and soil is covered at the base of the newly developing shoots. After allowing sufficient time for root initiation, the rooted shoots are separated and taken as individual layers.
D) Air Layering:
In air layering, roots, from on an aerial shoots. The rooting medium will be tied to the shoots for getting root initiation. Best rooting medium for air layering is sphagnum- moss as it holds large amounts of water so as to supply moisture to the layered shoot till proper root initiation takes place, (Pomegranate , fig )