Important Notes on Rabi Crop Production
S. barberi and S. sinensis are called as Indian cane. Indian cane is probably developed by natural hybridization between S. officinarum and S. spontaneum
Sugarcane Research Institutes:
1. Sugarcane breeding station – Combatore (T.N.)
2. State sugarcane research station – Padegaon (Satara)
3. Deccan sugar institute – Manjari (Pune)
4. Indian institute of sugarcane research – Lucknow (U.P.)
5. National sugar institute- Kanpur (U.P.)
Meaning of the Number Given to Varieties:
From 1962 new release given number of which CO stand for Coimbatore, first two numbers (digits) indicates year of release and other numbers indicates the release number of that year. Fox Ex. CO – 62175, Here CO – means, released from Coimbatore, 62 – means released in year 1962, 175 – means the release number of that year.
Germination of cane is completed in about 6 to 8 weeks after planting.
Composition of Juice –
Water – 70 to 72 %
Sugar – 11 to 14%
Fibre – 12 to 17%
Fats and proteins – 0.6%
Ash – 0.5%
Nitrogenous substances – 0.4%
Terms and their Meaning:
Tagarni:
The partial hilling up of soil against crop row when cane crop starts rapid growth is known as tagarni in sugarcane.
Earthing Up:
Raising of soil against crop rows by breaking of ridges and converting them into furrows and furrows into ridges is known as earthing up in sugarcane.
Striking Point:
It denotes the final point of boiling the cane juice during preparation of gul at which pan is to be removed from furnace.
Striking point reaches when temperature of juice is between 1180C to 1230C.
Ratoon:
Ratooning is a practice of growing a crop from the stubbles of previous crop.
The Central tobacco Research Institute is located at Rajmahedry (AP). Research work on Tobacco in Maharashtra is carried out at Nipani (Kolhapur)
Curing in Tobacco:
Removal of moisture from tobacco leaves without affecting its aroma, colour and texture is called as curing in tobacco.
Topping in Tobacco:
Removal of the terminal bud with or without some of the small top leaves just before or after the emergence of the flower heads is called as topping.
Desuckering:
Removal of suckers which are arise from the axils of the leaves before attaining 5 cm length known as desuckering.
Rabbing:
Burning of soil surface for partial sterilization of soil and to destroy the weed seeds is known as rabbing.
Central Potato Research Institute is located at Simla (H.P.)
State Potato Research Sub-station is situated at Khed (Pune).
Pungency in chilli is due to capsaicin contained in the skin and septa of the fruit.
Red colour at the ripening stage is due to the pigment capsanthin.
Maharashtra is the leading onion growing state in India. State produce 25% of total production of our country. Nasik is the major onion growing district in Maharashtra
Term – Bolting in Onion:
When onion crop is grown for bulbs some premature seed stalks are produced before completing the normal life cycle of the onion bulbs known as bolting.
Research work on wheat crop for Maharashtra state is mainly carried out at Agricultural Research Station, Niphad.