Coppice System of Silviculture
Defined as that Silviculture System in which the new crop originates mainly from shoot / stool coppice and where the rotation of the coppice is short.
Various Methods of Coppice System are followed as
1) Simple Coppice
2) The Coppice of Two Rotations System
3) Sheltered Coppice
4) Coppice with Standard Systems
5) Coppice with Reserves System
6) Coppice Selection System
7) The Pollard System.
1) Simple Coppice: Defines as Silviculture System based on stool coppice, in which the old crop is, clear filled completely with no reservation for sheltered wood or any other purpose.
Advantages of Simple Coppice:
1) Very simple / no skill
2) Regeneration is more certain
3) Grows fast – so cost of weeding / cleaning and protection is less,
4) Reduces rotation period as growth is very fast
5) Net returns are more even small sized wood produced
Disadvantages of Simple Coppice:
1) Small sized low price timber
2) Exhaust more mineral substances as more shoots produced
3) Not permanent / after every coppice some shoots dies
4) Great damage by frost and wind
5) Not desirable from aesthetic point of view
2) Coppice of Two Rotations Systems: Modification of Simple coppice system which at the end of the first rotation of coppice, a few selected poles are left scattered singly over the coupe in the second rotation to attain bigger size.
3) The Sheltered Wood Coppice System: Another modification on Simple coppice system in this system even in the first clear felling, some sheltered (125 to 150 trees/ha) trees are retained for frost protection.
Applied in Following Circumstances:
1) Where forest is of common occurrence
2) Where locality is good.
3) Where the species to be worked can coppice up to a longer age.
4) Where in addition to small sized timber, demand for large timber also.
5) Where a rotation longer.
4) Coppice with Standards: Defined as Silviculture System. based on coppice in which an over wood of standards usually seedlings origin and composed of trees of various ages as kept over coppice for periods which may be multiples of coppice rotation and a permanent feature of the crop throughout two peculiarities which differentiate it from the simple coppice.
5) Coppice with Reserves: Felling is done only in suitable areas likely to benefit, after reserving all financially immature growth of principal as well as other valuable miscellaneous species, either singly or in optimally spaced groups, tree yielding products of economic importance and entire crop for protective reasons.
6) Coppice Selection System: Silviculture System in which felling is carried out on the principles of selection system but regeneration is obtained by coppice.
7) The Pollard System: Pollard is defined as a tree whose stem has been cut off in order to obtain a flush of shoots, usually above the height to which the browsing animals can reach. Thus, the Pollard system consists in Pollarding trees periodically to obtain exploitable material.