Climatic Variability In Rainfed Agriculture
In India about 70% of cultivated area is rained which contribute to about 40% of the country’s food production. Appa Rao and Bhide, 1980). The main climatic parameters controlling crop growth are rainfall followed the temperature, adiation day length, humidity and wind speed. The inter seasonal and inter a variability in these climatic parameters play a major role in deciding the proper agronomic management options and subsequent realization of the yield. The major characteristics associated with the south west rainfall are high variability in its distribution in time and space in its onset and withdrawal and frequent and prolonged dry spells as a result of break in the monsoon. The uncertainty in rainfall received ouring the growth of crop become a major limitation factor in deciding about the final yield.
In the day sew arid areas the men annual rainfall exceeds potential
These areas suffer from one or more or a combination of factors such as moisture deficits. Limit of nutrients soil version and physical conditions, resulting in low infiltrations and poor crop establishment and subsequently larger yield gap. Thus crop yields in semi – arid India have remained low and variable because of aberrant weather and soil related constraint such as poor management of soil fertility and rain water.